Medicina: Ematologia: Talassemie e trapianto del midollo osseo
| English |
| cardiac tamponade |
  |
|
| Attestation |
3
|
| Part of speech |
Noun syntagm
|
| Grammatical label |
Countable
|
| Definition |
Cardiac tamponade is a clinical syndrome caused by the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space, resulting in reduced ventricular filling and subsequent hemodynamic compromise. Cardiac tamponade is a medical emergency. The overall risk of death depends on the speed of diagnosis, the treatment provided, and the underlying cause of the tamponade. The pericardium, which is the membrane surrounding the heart, is composed of 2 layers. The parietal pericardium is the outer fibrous layer; the visceral pericardium is the inner serous layer. The pericardial space normally contains 20-50 mL of fluid. Pericardial effusions can be serous, serosanguineous, hemorrhagic, or chylous. Reddy et al. describe 3 phases of hemodynamic changes in tamponade. Phase I: the accumulation of pericardial fluid causes increased stiffness of the ventricle, requiring a higher filling pressure. During this phase, the left and right ventricular filling pressures are higher than the intrapericardial pressure. Phase II: with further fluid accumulation, the pericardial pressure increases above the ventricular filling pressure, resulting in reduced cardiac output. Phase III: a further decrease in cardiac output occurs, which is due to equilibration of pericardial and left ventricular (LV) filling pressures.
|
| Definition source |
E-Medicine - Instant Access to the Minds of Medicine.
|
| Context |
The main causes of death in Class 3 patients were liver damage, cardiac failure, and cardiac tamponade in the early posttransplant phase.
|
| Context source |
Giardini, C. (1994). ‘Bone marrow transplantation in thalassemia’. Transplantation Proceedings 26(4):2350-1. (RISCEN111)
|
| Subject field |
Haemopoiesis
|
| Sub-field (level 1) |
Thalassemias
|
| Sub-field (level 2) |
Therapies
|
| Coordinate concept |
Hyperkeratosis, hepatosplenomegaly, oral sicca, restrictive-obstructive lung syndrome
|
| Related concept |
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, follow-up
|
| it |
Tamponamento cardiaco
|
| Reliability code |
3
|
|
