Medicina: Ematologia: Talassemie e trapianto del midollo osseo
| English |
| graft-versus-host disease (en.) |
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| Attestation |
3
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| Part of speech |
Noun syntagm
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| Grammatical label |
Countable
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| Variant |
GVHD, GvHD
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| Definition |
Graft-Versus-Host disease (GVHD) is one of the most serious potential complications of allogeneic BMT. It occurs when T cells in the donated marrow (the graft) identify the recipient´s body (the host) as foreign and attack it. This situation is different from other types of organ transplantation (such as kidney or heart transplantation), in which the donated organ is rejected by the patient´s immune system. Although the donated marrow can be rejected by whatever remains of the patient´s original immune system, more often, it is the T lymphocytes produced by the new marrow that launch an attack against the patient. Without preventive measures, most patients undergoing allogeneic BMT would develop GVHD. Symptoms of GVHD can develop within days or as long as 3 years after transplantation. Generally, GVHD that develops within 3 months following transplantation is known as acute GVHD; when it develops later, it is called chronic GVHD. Because the time periods in which acute and chronic GVHD can develop overlap, these diseases are better identified by their symptoms, which are somewhat different for each type. Common symptoms of acute GVHD are skin rashes, jaundice, liver disease, and diarrhea. Because recovery of immune function after BMT is delayed, patients also have persistent susceptibility to infections. Patients with mild forms of acute GVHD are likely to recover completely, but those with severe forms may die of complications of the disease. Chronic GVHD produces temporary darkening of the skin, and hardening and thickening of patches of skin and the layers of tissues under it. Occasionally, the liver, esophagus, and other parts of the gastrointestinal tract are affected. Mucous membranes may become dry, and hair loss may occur. Bacterial infections and weight loss are common. As with acute GVHD, severe cases of chronic GVHD may be fatal.
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| Definition source |
Universität Göttingen. Bone Marrow Transplantation and Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation. (INTEEN04)
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| Context |
Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) is a major complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) and is initiated by alloreactive donor T cells recognizing foreign histo-compatibility antigens of the host.
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| Context source |
Mattson, J., et al. (2001). ‘T-cell mixed chimerism is significantly correlated to a decreased risk of acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneis stem cell transplantation’. Transplantation 71:433-439. (RISCEN10)
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| Subject field |
Haemopoiesis
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| Sub-field (level 1) |
Thalassemias
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| Sub-field (level 2) |
Therapies
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| Specific concept |
Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease, acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease
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| Coordinate concept |
Rejection
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| Related concept |
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, syngeneic bone marrow transplantation, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, in utero stem cell transplantation, engraftment, mixed chimerism, immunosuppression
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| it |
Graft-Versus-Host Disease (It.)
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| Reliability code |
3
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