A manual safety valve that is run on a drill string just below the kelly. As the upper kelly cock, it is used to close off the inside of the drillstring in the event of a kick. It also prevents the drilling mud from running onto the rig floor when a length of pipe is being runned.
To control any blowouts that might occur through the inside of the drillstring, safety valves are mounted on each end of the kelly. Lower kelly valve and upper kelly valve are operated rotating ninety degrees with a wrench that is kept on the rig floor. The lower valve must have a small enough diameter so that it can be run into the borehole that is being drilled.