| Definition |
Electrical stimulator. Electric currents are passed between large electrodes placed on the skin over a painful area. The current causes a tingling sensation and appears to affect the pain threshold. Suitable pulse rate (20- 200 pulses/s), pulse width (15-1000 [u]s), and output voltage (0- 150 V) are chosen or found empirically according to the results obtained in each individual case. The stimulation is normally applied for three to four hours at a time and relief from pain may last for a few hours after this. Therefore each patient will find a regime of treatment which suits his lifestyle or need for relief. It has proved useful in treating chronic pain arising from herniated discs, peripheral neuropathy, injury, arthritis, and strain. It has also been found useful in the relief of acute post-operative pain.The stimulators may be battery operated so that they can be carried by the patient. The electrodes are relatively large (e.g. 4 cm2) in order to reduce current density at the skin surface. Development of skin rash at the electrode sites is a common complication.The mechanisms of operation, and the reasons for success or failure in individual cases are not well understood. Such devices may be used or prescribed by the neurology department.
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